by Nguyen Quang Bay, Duong Thi Mai Phuong, Phan Hoang Hiep, Lam My Hanh, Pham Tran Anh Khoa, Nguyen Thi Thuy Hanh, Nguyen Dang Vung, Vu Minh Tuan, Tran Thi Thanh Thuy, Le Anh Tuan, Nguyen Hoang Thanh

Objective: To determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and identify associated factors among patients newly diagnosed with T2DM.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Hospital of Endocrinology, Vietnam, from August 2024 to July 2025. A total of 106 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were recruited. Data on sociodemographics, lifestyle, clinical and biochemical measures, social support (MSPSS), and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) were collected. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regression was applied to identify predictors of sleep disorder (PSQI ≥5), and Tobit regression was used to examine determinants of the total PSQI score.
Results: The mean PSQI global score was 6.86 ± 4.63, and 67.9% of participants experienced at least mild sleep disturbance. Logistic regression showed that elevated HbA1c (OR = 7.66, 95% CI: 2.81–20.86, p < 0.001) and female sex (OR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02–0.82, p = 0.029) were significant predictors of poor sleep. Tobit regression further identified HbA1c (Coef. = 1.45, p < 0.001), female sex (Coef. = –3.40, p < 0.001), economic stress (Coef. = –3.42, p < 0.001), WHOQOL physical (Coef. = –0.07, p = 0.027), and WHOQOL environment (Coef. = 0.11, p = 0.012) as significant determinants of PSQI score. Lifestyle factors and family support showed weaker or non-significant associations.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that sleep should be routinely assessed at diagnosis, with integrated management strategies addressing biomedical, psychosocial, and environmental determinants to improve outcomes.

Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, sleep quality, PSQI, HbA1c, quality of life, social determinants